Description
The Cahuilla lived in the Coachella Valley and surrounding mountains for over 3,000 years. Long before the United States of America came into existence and long before the first Europeans first set foot on the North American Continent, Cahuilla People called this area their home. In the late 1700’s, according to the record of the White Man, the Cahuilla population was estimated to number about 6,000. There are some Cahuilla who believe the number was actually closer to 15,000. With the arrival of Europeans came diseases that killed many Cahuilla People. In particular a smallpox epidemic in the year 1863 wiped out over eighty percent of the Cahuilla population. Today the population is slowly starting to grow once again. There are now approximately 3,000 enrolled members in the nine Cahuilla nations.
Language
Cahuilla, or Ivilyuat is an endangered Uto-Aztecan language, spoken by the various tribes of the Cahuilla Nation, living in the Coachella Valley, San Gorgonio Pass and San Jacinto Mountains region of southern California.
Culture
The Cahuilla were known for hunting, gathering, and agriculture. Living in small communities with a communal approach to decision-making and resource management. Skilled basket weavers, and baskets used for many purposes, including food storage and transportation. The Cahuilla have a rich cultural tradition, including songs, dances, and storytelling, which are an important part of their heritage and help to preserve their history and traditions. They have also been known for their basket weaving, which is highly valued and sought after. Today, the Cahuilla Band of Indians Tribe is a sovereign nation and is recognized by the United States government.